Origins of Handball
Handball has roots in ancient games. The Greeks played “Urania,” mentioned in Homer’s Odyssey, while the Romans had “Harpaston,” described by Claudius Galenus. Medieval Germany featured a game called “Fangballspiel,” which also had similarities to modern handball.
Evolution of Modern Handball
Modern handball began in the late 19th century in Denmark, Germany, and Sweden. Initially, it was played outdoors as field handball, with German physical education experts being key in its development. Sweden saw the introduction of handball in 1910 by G. Wallström. The sport’s governing body, the International Handball Federation (IHF), was founded in 1928 and adopted its current name in 1946.
Transition to Indoor Handball
Indoor handball was developed in Denmark in the 1940s as a 7-a-side game played on a court slightly larger than a basketball court. This version quickly gained popularity, especially in Germanic countries, and was reintroduced as an Olympic sport in 1972. While outdoor handball was dominant early on, the indoor version became more popular over time, with European countries initially leading the way. After the Cold War, nations like France and Spain emerged as new leaders, and countries like Algeria, Egypt, South Korea, and China began making an impact.
The Modern Game
Today, handball is played globally, with around 7 million registered players. European clubs dominate, but competitive teams are also emerging in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Additionally, Beach Handball, a newer outdoor variation, has gained recognition and is officially governed by the IHF.
